Ahmad ibn Shbwya al-Khuza`i

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، وَابْنُ السَّرْحِ، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، - قَالَ قُتَيْبَةُ فِيهِ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ يَعْرِفُ فَصْلَ السُّورَةِ حَتَّى تُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِ ‏{‏ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ‏}‏ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا لَفْظُ ابْنِ السَّرْحِ ‏.‏

Ibn Abbas said:The prophet (ﷺ) did not distinguish between the two surahs until the words “In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the merciful” was revealed to him. These are the words of Ibn al-sarh

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي خَلَفٍ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ، وَابْنُ السَّرْحِ، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أُكَيْمَةَ، يُحَدِّثُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم صَلاَةً نَظُنُّ أَنَّهَا الصُّبْحُ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏"‏ مَا لِي أُنَازَعُ الْقُرْآنَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ فَانْتَهَى النَّاسُ عَنِ الْقِرَاءَةِ فِيمَا جَهَرَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَالَ ابْنُ السَّرْحِ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَانْتَهَى النَّاسُ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ مِنْ بَيْنِهِمْ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ وَتَكَلَّمَ الزُّهْرِيُّ بِكَلِمَةٍ لَمْ أَسْمَعْهَا فَقَالَ مَعْمَرٌ إِنَّهُ قَالَ فَانْتَهَى النَّاسُ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَانْتَهَى حَدِيثُهُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏"‏ مَا لِي أُنَازَعُ الْقُرْآنَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَرَوَاهُ الأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ فِيهِ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فَاتَّعَظَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِذَلِكَ فَلَمْ يَكُونُوا يَقْرَءُونَ مَعَهُ فِيمَا يَجْهَرُ بِهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى بْنِ فَارِسٍ قَالَ قَوْلُهُ فَانْتَهَى النَّاسُ ‏.‏ مِنْ كَلاَمِ الزُّهْرِيِّ ‏.‏

Abu Hurairah said:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) led us in prayer, that was, we think, the dawn prayer, He further narrated this tradition up to the words “what is the matter with me that I have been contended with in (the recitation of ) the Qur’an.” Abu Dawud said: Musaddad in his tradition said that Ma’mar said: The people ceased to recite (the Qur’an) at the prayer in which the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited aloud. Ibn al-Sarh said in his version that Ma’mar reported from al-Zuhri on the authority of Abu Hurairah. Then the people ceased (to recite behind the imam). Another version says: Sufyan said: Al-Zuhri spoke a word that I could not hear. Then Ma’mar said: He said: Then people ceased (to recite the Qur’an) Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by ‘Abd al-Raman b. Ishaq on the authority of al-Zuhri. This version ends at the words: “What is the matter with me that I am contended with in (the recitation of) the Qur’an. Al-Awza’i also narrated it on the authority of al-Zuhri. This version has: Al-Zuhri said: The Muslims took lesson from that and thenceforth they did not recite (the Qur’an) at the prayer in which he (the Prophet) recited aloud. Abu Dawud said: I heard Muhammad b. Yaya b. Faris say: The words “the people ceased to recite (the Qur’an)” is a statement of al-zuhri

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَبُّويَةَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يُشِيرُ فِي الصَّلاَةِ ‏.‏

Narrated Anas ibn Malik: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to make a sign during prayer

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شَبُّويَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ الْغَزَّالُ، قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم - قَالَ - أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ - أَنْ يَجْلِسَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الصَّلاَةِ وَهُوَ مُعْتَمِدٌ عَلَى يَدِهِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ ابْنُ شَبُّويَةَ نَهَى أَنْ يَعْتَمِدَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى يَدِهِ فِي الصَّلاَةِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ ابْنُ رَافِعٍ نَهَى أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الرَّجُلُ وَهُوَ مُعْتَمِدٌ عَلَى يَدِهِ ‏.‏ وَذَكَرَهُ فِي بَابِ الرَّفْعِ مِنَ السُّجُودِ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ نَهَى أَنْ يَعْتَمِدَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ إِذَا نَهَضَ فِي الصَّلاَةِ ‏.‏

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prohibited, according to the version of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, that a person should sit during prayer while he is leaning on his hand. According to the version of Ibn Shibwayh, he prohibited that a man should lean on his hand during prayer. According to the version of Ibn Rafi', he prohibited that a man should pray while he is leaning on his hand, and he mentioned this tradition in the chapter on "Raising the head after prostration." According to the version of Ibn AbdulMalik, he prohibited that a man should lean on his hand when he stands up after prostration

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَسَلَّمَ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ ‏.‏ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ سَجْدَتَىِ السَّهْوِ ‏.‏

Ibn ‘Umar said :The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) led us in prayer and gave the salutation after two rakahs of prayer. He narrated this tradition like that of Ibn Sirin from Abu Hurairah. This version adds; he gave the salutation and prostrated two prostrations due to forgetfulness

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم خَرَجَ بِالنَّاسِ لِيَسْتَسْقِيَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ جَهَرَ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فِيهِمَا وَحَوَّلَ رِدَاءَهُ وَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَدَعَا وَاسْتَسْقَى وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ ‏.‏

Abbad b. Tamim (al-Muzini) reported on the authority of his uncle:The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took the people out (to the place of prayer) and prayed for rain. He led them in two rak'ahs of prayer in the course of which he recited from the Qur'an in a loud voice. He turned around his cloak and raised his hands, prayed for rain and faced the qiblah

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ ابْنُ شَبُّويَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ فِي الْمُزَّمِّلِ ‏{‏ قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلاَّ قَلِيلاً * نِصْفَهُ ‏}‏ نَسَخَتْهَا الآيَةُ الَّتِي فِيهَا ‏{‏ عَلِمَ أَنْ لَنْ تُحْصُوهُ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْرَءُوا مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ‏}‏ وَنَاشِئَةُ اللَّيْلِ أَوَّلُهُ وَكَانَتْ صَلاَتُهُمْ لأَوَّلِ اللَّيْلِ يَقُولُ هُوَ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ تُحْصُوا مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ قِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الإِنْسَانَ إِذَا نَامَ لَمْ يَدْرِ مَتَى يَسْتَيْقِظُ وَقَوْلُهُ ‏{‏ أَقْوَمُ قِيلاً ‏}‏ هُوَ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ يُفْقَهَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ وَقَوْلُهُ ‏{‏ إِنَّ لَكَ فِي النَّهَارِ سَبْحًا طَوِيلاً ‏}‏ يَقُولُ فَرَاغًا طَوِيلاً ‏.‏

Narrated Abdullah Ibn Abbas: In Surat al-Muzzammil (73), the verse: "Keep vigil at night but a little, a half thereof" (2-3) has been abrogated by the following verse: "He knoweth that ye count it not, and turneth unto you in mercy. Recite then of the Qur'an that which is easy for you" (v.20). The phrase "the vigil of the night" (nashi'at al-layl) means the early hours of the night. They (the companions) would pray (the tahajjud prayer) in the early hours of the night. He (Ibn Abbas) says: It is advisable to offer the prayer at night (tahajjud), prescribed by Allah for you (in the early hours of the night). This is because when a person sleeps, he does not know when he will awake. The words "speech more certain" (aqwamu qilan) means that this time is more suitable for the understanding of the Qur'an. He says: The verse: "Lo, thou hast by day a chain of business" (v.7) means engagement for long periods (in the day's work)

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، - يَعْنِي الْمَرْوَزِيَّ - حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ الْحَنَفِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ أَوَّلُ الْمُزَّمِّلِ كَانُوا يَقُومُونَ نَحْوًا مِنْ قِيَامِهِمْ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى نَزَلَ آخِرُهَا وَكَانَ بَيْنَ أَوَّلِهَا وَآخِرِهَا سَنَةٌ ‏.‏

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:When the opening verses of Surah Al-muzammil was revealed, the Companions would pray as long as they would pray during Ramadan until its last verses were revealed. The period between the revelation of its opening and the last verses was one year

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ ‏{‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَرِثُوا النِّسَاءَ كَرْهًا وَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُبَيِّنَةٍ ‏}‏ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ يَرِثُ امْرَأَةَ ذِي قَرَابَتِهِ فَيَعْضُلُهَا حَتَّى تَمُوتَ أَوْ تَرُدَّ إِلَيْهِ صَدَاقَهَا فَأَحْكَمَ اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَنَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ ‏.‏

Ibn ‘Abbas explained the Qur’anic verse It is not lawful for you forcibly to inherit the woman (of your deceased kinsmen) nor (that) ye should put constraint upon them that ye may take away a part of that which ye have given them, unless they be guilty of flagrant lewdness and said “This means that a man used to inherit a relative woman. He prevented her from marriage till she died or returned her dower to her. Hence, Allaah prohibited that practice

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ شَبُّويَةَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ، عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، مَوْلَى عُمَرَ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ فَوَعَظَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ ‏.‏

The aforesaid tradition has also been transmitted by Al Dahhak to the same effect through a different chain of narrators. This version has Allaah prohibited that (practice)