Atheism Figures
Baron d'Holbach
D'Holbach made atheism and materialism public philosophical positions in eighteenth-century Europe.
Notable contribution
Presented one of the most explicit Enlightenment defenses of atheistic materialism.
Profile notes
- System of Nature argued that nature, matter, and motion were sufficient explanations of reality.
- His Paris salon connected radical Enlightenment thinkers and encyclopedists.
- His work became a touchstone for later debates over religion, determinism, and morality without God.
