Scribes
Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan
Muawiya is a complex figure: remembered as a scribe, administrator, and founder of Umayyad rule.
Notable contribution
Moved from a reported scribal role to founding the Umayyad caliphal dynasty.
Profile notes
- Reports include him among those who wrote for the Prophet.
- He governed Syria before becoming caliph.
- His reign shifted the caliphate toward dynastic rule from Damascus.