[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"figure-resolve-ibn-al-haytham":3,"figures-categories":75,"figure-hadiths-ibn-al-haytham":31},{"id":4,"code":5,"slug":6,"enName":7,"arName":8,"enFullName":9,"arFullName":10,"enBirthYear":11,"arBirthYear":12,"enBirthPlace":13,"arBirthPlace":14,"enDeathYear":15,"arDeathYear":16,"enDeathPlace":17,"arDeathPlace":18,"enRegion":19,"arRegion":20,"enEthnicity":21,"arEthnicity":22,"enEra":23,"arEra":24,"worldviewSlugs":25,"enNotableContribution":26,"arNotableContribution":27,"enSummary":28,"arSummary":29,"reviewStatus":25,"enReviewNote":25,"arReviewNote":25,"isCurated":30,"sunnahId":31,"legacyNarratorId":31,"enKunya":25,"arKunya":25,"enGeneration":25,"arGeneration":25,"deathYearAh":25,"enLineage":25,"arLineage":25,"enProfession":25,"arProfession":25,"enCities":25,"arCities":25,"enAffiliations":25,"arAffiliations":25,"tags":32,"eras":37,"points":44,"narrationCount":43,"appraisals":72,"teachers":73,"students":74},62,"figure-ibn-al-haytham","ibn-al-haytham","Ibn al-Haytham","ابن الهيثم","Alhazen","أبو علي الحسن بن الهيثم","c. 965 CE","نحو 965م","Basra, Iraq","البصرة، العراق","c. 1040 CE","نحو 1040م","Cairo, Egypt","القاهرة، مصر","Iraq and Egypt","العراق ومصر","Basran Arab or Iraqi scholarly background","عربي بصري أو من بيئة علمية عراقية","Fatimid","العصر الفاطمي","","Revolutionized optics by arguing that vision occurs through light entering the eye.","أحدث ثورة في علم البصريات بإثباته أن الإبصار يقع بدخول الضوء إلى العين.","Ibn al-Haytham is a landmark figure in optics and experimental reasoning.","يُعد ابن الهيثم علامة فارقة في البصريات والاستدلال التجريبي.",true,null,[33],{"code":34,"enTitle":35,"arTitle":36,"isPrimary":30},"scientists","Scientists","العلماء التجريبيون",[38],{"id":39,"code":40,"enName":23,"arName":24,"startYear":41,"endYear":42,"displayOrder":39,"figureCount":43},15,"fatimid",909,1171,0,[45,49,52,55,59,62,65,69],{"kind":46,"enText":47,"arText":48},"detail","The Book of Optics analyzed light, vision, reflection, and refraction.","حلّل كتاب المناظر الضوء والإبصار والانعكاس والانكسار.",{"kind":46,"enText":50,"arText":51},"He criticized earlier emission theories of vision.","انتقد نظريات الإبصار الانبعاثية السابقة.",{"kind":46,"enText":53,"arText":54},"His work influenced later Islamic and European optical science.","أثّر عمله في علم البصريات الإسلامي والأوروبي اللاحق.",{"kind":56,"enText":57,"arText":58},"known-for","Book of Optics","كتاب المناظر",{"kind":56,"enText":60,"arText":61},"Vision theory","نظرية الإبصار",{"kind":56,"enText":63,"arText":64},"Experimentation","التجريب",{"kind":66,"enText":67,"arText":68},"role","Optical scientist","عالم بصريات",{"kind":66,"enText":70,"arText":71},"Mathematician","عالم رياضيات",[],[],[],[76,84,93,101,109,117,125,129,137,144],{"id":77,"code":78,"enTitle":79,"arTitle":80,"enDescription":81,"arDescription":82,"displayOrder":77,"figureCount":83,"curatedCount":83},1,"family","Family","العائلة","Family members connected to prophetic history, sacred narratives, and the transmission of guidance.","أفراد العائلة المتصلون بالتاريخ النبوي والسرديات المقدسة ونقل الهداية.",10,{"id":85,"code":86,"enTitle":87,"arTitle":88,"enDescription":89,"arDescription":90,"displayOrder":85,"figureCount":91,"curatedCount":92},2,"companions","Companions","الصحابة","Companions who carried revelation, practice, community memory, and early historical witness.","الصحابة الذين حملوا الوحي والعمل والذاكرة الجماعية والشهادة التاريخية المبكرة.",736,21,{"id":94,"code":95,"enTitle":96,"arTitle":97,"enDescription":98,"arDescription":99,"displayOrder":94,"figureCount":100,"curatedCount":100},3,"scholars","Scholars","العلماء","Scholars who preserved, explained, organized, and defended religious knowledge.","العلماء الذين حفظوا المعرفة الدينية وشرحوها ونظموها ودافعوا عنها.",53,{"id":102,"code":103,"enTitle":104,"arTitle":105,"enDescription":106,"arDescription":107,"displayOrder":102,"figureCount":108,"curatedCount":108},4,"thinkers","Thinkers","المفكرون","Thinkers whose arguments, critiques, and frameworks shaped major intellectual debates.","المفكرون الذين شكّلت حججهم ونقودهم وأطرهم نقاشات فكرية كبرى.",52,{"id":110,"code":111,"enTitle":112,"arTitle":113,"enDescription":114,"arDescription":115,"displayOrder":110,"figureCount":116,"curatedCount":116},5,"philosophers","Philosophers","الفلاسفة","Philosophers associated with metaphysics, ethics, logic, knowledge, and human meaning.","الفلاسفة المرتبطون بما وراء الطبيعة والأخلاق والمنطق والمعرفة ومعنى الإنسان.",35,{"id":118,"code":119,"enTitle":120,"arTitle":121,"enDescription":122,"arDescription":123,"displayOrder":118,"figureCount":124,"curatedCount":124},6,"rulers","Rulers","الحكام","Rulers and political authorities whose decisions shaped communities, law, and historical memory.","الحكام وأصحاب السلطة السياسية الذين أثرت قراراتهم في المجتمعات والقانون والذاكرة التاريخية.",19,{"id":126,"code":34,"enTitle":35,"arTitle":36,"enDescription":127,"arDescription":128,"displayOrder":126,"figureCount":124,"curatedCount":124},7,"Scientists and investigators known for work in the natural, mathematical, and medical sciences.","العلماء والباحثون المعروفون بأعمالهم في العلوم الطبيعية والرياضية والطبية.",{"id":130,"code":131,"enTitle":132,"arTitle":133,"enDescription":134,"arDescription":135,"displayOrder":130,"figureCount":136,"curatedCount":136},8,"scribes","Scribes","الكتبة","Scribes, writers, and transmitters connected to recording, preserving, and circulating texts.","الكتبة والمؤلفون والنقلة المرتبطون بتدوين النصوص وحفظها وتداولها.",24,{"id":138,"code":139,"enTitle":140,"arTitle":141,"enDescription":142,"arDescription":143,"displayOrder":138,"figureCount":85,"curatedCount":85},9,"founders","Founders","المؤسسون","Founders of non-prophetic religious, intellectual, and community traditions.","مؤسسو تقاليد دينية أو فكرية أو جماعية غير مصنفين في قسم الأنبياء.",{"id":83,"code":145,"enTitle":146,"arTitle":147,"enDescription":148,"arDescription":149,"displayOrder":83,"figureCount":150,"curatedCount":151},"narrators","Narrators","الرواة","Narrators who carried the reports — every person in the chains of transmission, with rank, generation, and appraisals.","الرواة الذين حملوا الأخبار — كل شخص في أسانيد النقل، برتبته وطبقته وأقوال أهل الجرح والتعديل فيه.",6699,25]