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شكّلت حججهم ونقودهم وأطرهم نقاشات فكرية كبرى.",52,{"id":477,"code":478,"enTitle":479,"arTitle":480,"enDescription":481,"arDescription":482,"displayOrder":477,"figureCount":483,"curatedCount":483},5,"philosophers","Philosophers","الفلاسفة","Philosophers associated with metaphysics, ethics, logic, knowledge, and human meaning.","الفلاسفة المرتبطون بما وراء الطبيعة والأخلاق والمنطق والمعرفة ومعنى الإنسان.",35,{"id":34,"code":231,"enTitle":485,"arTitle":486,"enDescription":487,"arDescription":488,"displayOrder":34,"figureCount":489,"curatedCount":489},"Rulers","الحكام","Rulers and political authorities whose decisions shaped communities, law, and historical memory.","الحكام وأصحاب السلطة السياسية الذين أثرت قراراتهم في المجتمعات والقانون والذاكرة التاريخية.",19,{"id":491,"code":492,"enTitle":493,"arTitle":494,"enDescription":495,"arDescription":496,"displayOrder":491,"figureCount":489,"curatedCount":489},7,"scientists","Scientists","العلماء التجريبيون","Scientists and investigators known for work in the natural, mathematical, and medical sciences.","العلماء والباحثون المعروفون بأعمالهم في العلوم الطبيعية والرياضية والطبية.",{"id":498,"code":499,"enTitle":500,"arTitle":501,"enDescription":502,"arDescription":503,"displayOrder":498,"figureCount":504,"curatedCount":504},8,"scribes","Scribes","الكتبة","Scribes, writers, and transmitters connected to recording, preserving, and circulating texts.","الكتبة والمؤلفون والنقلة المرتبطون بتدوين النصوص وحفظها وتداولها.",24,{"id":506,"code":507,"enTitle":508,"arTitle":509,"enDescription":510,"arDescription":511,"displayOrder":506,"figureCount":452,"curatedCount":452},9,"founders","Founders","المؤسسون","Founders of non-prophetic religious, intellectual, and community traditions.","مؤسسو تقاليد دينية أو فكرية أو جماعية غير مصنفين في قسم الأنبياء.",{"id":450,"code":28,"enTitle":29,"arTitle":30,"enDescription":513,"arDescription":514,"displayOrder":450,"figureCount":515,"curatedCount":516},"Narrators who carried the reports — every person in the chains of transmission, with rank, generation, and appraisals.","الرواة الذين حملوا الأخبار — كل شخص في أسانيد النقل، برتبته وطبقته وأقوال أهل الجرح والتعديل فيه.",6699,25,{"items":518,"total":34},[519,539,557,572,582,598],{"id":520,"number":521,"inBookNumber":522,"sunnahRef":523,"arText":524,"enText":525,"matnStart":526,"bookNumber":227,"collectionSlug":527,"collectionEnName":528,"collectionArName":529,"grades":530},20859,"5700","162","nasai:5700","أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ شَبِيبًا، - وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ - يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي مُقَاتِلُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ \"‏ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ الْخَمْرَ وَكُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ ‏\"‏ ‏.‏","It was narrated from Salim bin 'Abdullah, from his father, that:The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: \"Allah has forbidden Khamr, and every intoxicant is unlawful",279,"nasai","Sunan an Nasai","سنن النسائي",[531,534,536],{"grader":532,"grade":533},"Abu Ghuddah","Sahih",{"grader":535,"grade":533},"Al-Albani",{"grader":537,"grade":538},"Zubair Ali Zai","Isnaad Hasan",{"id":540,"number":541,"inBookNumber":542,"sunnahRef":543,"arText":544,"enText":545,"matnStart":546,"bookNumber":547,"collectionSlug":548,"collectionEnName":549,"collectionArName":550,"grades":551},24629,"3712","44","abudawud:3712","حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ شَبِيبَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَتْنِي عَمَّتِي، عَمْرَةُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، رضى الله عنها أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَنْبِذُ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم غُدْوَةً فَإِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْعَشِيِّ فَتَعَشَّى شَرِبَ عَلَى عَشَائِهِ وَإِنْ فَضَلَ شَىْءٌ صَبَبْتُهُ - أَوْ فَرَغْتُهُ - ثُمَّ تَنْبِذُ لَهُ بِاللَّيْلِ فَإِذَا أَصْبَحَ تَغَدَّى فَشَرِبَ عَلَى غَدَائِهِ قَالَتْ نَغْسِلُ السِّقَاءَ غُدْوَةً وَعَشِيَّةً فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبِي مَرَّتَيْنِ فِي يَوْمٍ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ ‏.‏","Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: Amrah said on the authority of Aisha that she would steep dates for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in the morning. When the evening came, he took his dinner and drank it after his dinner. If anything remained, she poured it out. She then would steep for him at night. When the morning came, he took his morning meal and drank it after his morning meal. She said: The skin vessel was washed in the morning and in the evening. My father (Hayyan) said to her: Twice a day? She said: Yes",null,27,"abudawud","Sunan Abu Dawud","سنن أبي داود",[552,554,555],{"grader":535,"grade":553},"Hasan Isnaad",{"grader":537,"grade":538},{"grader":556,"grade":553},"Muhammad Muhyi Al-Din Abdul Hamid",{"id":558,"number":559,"inBookNumber":559,"sunnahRef":560,"arText":561,"enText":562,"matnStart":563,"bookNumber":445,"collectionSlug":564,"collectionEnName":565,"collectionArName":566,"grades":567},26285,"94","tirmidhi:94","وَيُرْوَى عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، قَالَ رَأَيْتُ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ ‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَقَبْلَ الْمَائِدَةِ أَمْ بَعْدَ الْمَائِدَةِ فَقَالَ مَا أَسْلَمْتُ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ الْمَائِدَةِ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا بِذَلِكَ قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ التِّرْمِذِيُّ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ جَرِيرٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَرَوَى بَقِيَّةُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ أَدْهَمَ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ عَنْ جَرِيرٍ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُفَسِّرٌ لأَنَّ بَعْضَ مَنْ أَنْكَرَ الْمَسْحَ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ تَأَوَّلَ أَنَّ مَسْحَ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ كَانَ قَبْلَ نُزُولِ الْمَائِدَةِ وَذَكَرَ جَرِيرٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَسَحَ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ بَعْدَ نُزُولِ الْمَائِدَةِ ‏.‏","It has been related from Sahr bin Hawshah that he said:\"I saw Jarir bin 'Abdullah performing Wudu and he wiped over his Khuff. I asked him about that. He replied, 'I saw 'I saw Allah's Messenger performing Wudu and he wiped over his Khuff.' So I said to him, before Surah AI-Ma'idah (was revealed) or after AI-Ma'idah?' So he replied, 'I did not acceot Islam until after Al-Ma'idah.'\" Qutaibah narrated this to us; (saying) Khalid bin Ziyad At-Tirmidhi narrated it to us, from Muqatil bin Hayyan, from Shahr bin Hawshah, from Jarir. He said: Baqiyyah related it from Ibrahim bin Adham from Muqatil bin Hayyan, from Shahr bin Hawshah, from Jarir. This Hadith is explanatory, because some who dislike wiping over the Khuff give the interpretation that the Prophet's wiping over the two Khuff was before the revelation of Sural Al-Ma'idah. But in his Hadlth, Jarir mentions that he saw the Prophet wiping over his Khuff after the revelation of Surat Al-Ma'idah",187,"tirmidhi","Jami At Tirmidhi","جامع الترمذي",[568,569,570],{"grader":535,"grade":533},{"grader":537,"grade":538},{"grader":571,"grade":533},"Ahmad Muhammad Shakir",{"id":573,"number":574,"inBookNumber":575,"sunnahRef":576,"arText":577,"enText":578,"matnStart":579,"bookNumber":34,"collectionSlug":564,"collectionEnName":565,"collectionArName":566,"grades":580},26803,"611","68","tirmidhi:611","حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، عَنْ شَهْرِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، قَالَ رَأَيْتُ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم تَوَضَّأَ فَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ ‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَقَبْلَ الْمَائِدَةِ أَمْ بَعْدَ الْمَائِدَةِ قَالَ مَا أَسْلَمْتُ إِلاَّ بَعْدَ الْمَائِدَةِ ‏.‏","Shahr bin Hawshab said:\"I saw Jarir bin Abdullah performing Wudu and wiping over his Khuff.\" He said: \"So I asked him: 'What is that?' He said: 'I saw the Prophet performing Wudu and he wiped over his Khuff.' So I said to him: 'Before Al-Ma'idah or after Al-Ma'idah?' He said: 'I did not accept Islam until after Al-Ma'idah",269,[581],{"grader":537,"grade":538},{"id":583,"number":584,"inBookNumber":585,"sunnahRef":586,"arText":587,"enText":588,"matnStart":589,"bookNumber":590,"collectionSlug":564,"collectionEnName":565,"collectionArName":566,"grades":591},29108,"2887","13","tirmidhi:2887","حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرُّؤَاسِيُّ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ هَارُونَ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ \"‏ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَلْبًا وَقَلْبُ الْقُرْآنِ يس وَمَنْ قَرَأَ يس كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِقِرَاءَتِهَا قِرَاءَةَ الْقُرْآنِ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ ‏\"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَبِالْبَصْرَةِ لاَ يَعْرِفُونَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ قَتَادَةَ إِلاَّ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ ‏.‏ وَهَارُونُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ شَيْخٌ مَجْهُولٌ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، بِهَذَا ‏.‏ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، وَلاَ يَصِحُّ مِنْ قِبَلِ إِسْنَادِهِ إِسْنَادُهُ ضَعِيفٌ ‏.‏ وَ فِي البَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيرَةَ","Narrated Anas:that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: \"Indeed for everything there is a heart, and the Qur'an's heart is Ya Sin. Whoever recites Ya Sin, then for its recitation, Allah writes for him that he recited the Qur'an ten times",280,45,[592,594,596],{"grader":535,"grade":593},"Mawdu",{"grader":537,"grade":595},"Daif",{"grader":597,"grade":595},"Bashar Awad Maarouf",{"id":599,"number":600,"inBookNumber":601,"sunnahRef":602,"arText":603,"enText":604,"matnStart":605,"bookNumber":504,"collectionSlug":606,"collectionEnName":607,"collectionArName":608,"grades":609},33047,"2858","106","ibnmajah:2858","حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ مَرْثَدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا أَمَّرَ رَجُلاً عَلَى سَرِيَّةٍ أَوْصَاهُ فِي خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَيْرًا فَقَالَ ‏ \"‏ اغْزُوا بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللَّهِ اغْزُوا وَلاَ تَغْدِرُوا وَلاَ تَغُلُّوا وَلاَ تُمَثِّلُوا وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا وَإِذَا أَنْتَ لَقِيتَ عَدُوَّكَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِحْدَى ثَلاَثِ خِلاَلٍ أَوْ خِصَالٍ فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ أَجَابُوكَ إِلَيْهَا فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ فَإِنْ أَجَابُوكَ فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى التَّحَوُّلِ مِنْ دَارِهِمْ إِلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ إِنْ هُمْ فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ يَكُونُونَ كَأَعْرَابِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ الَّذِي يَجْرِي عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلاَ يَكُونُ لَهُمْ فِي الْفَىْءِ وَالْغَنِيمَةِ شَىْءٌ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُجَاهِدُوا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِي الإِسْلاَمِ فَسَلْهُمْ إِعْطَاءَ الْجِزْيَةِ فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمْ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَقَاتِلْهُمْ وَإِنْ حَاصَرْتَ حِصْنًا فَأَرَادُوكَ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَذِمَّةَ نَبِيِّكَ فَلاَ تَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَلاَ ذِمَّةَ نَبِيِّكَ وَلَكِنِ اجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّتَكَ وَذِمَّةَ أَبِيكَ وَذِمَّةَ أَصْحَابِكَ فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّتَكُمْ وَذِمَّةَ آبَائِكُمْ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تُخْفِرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللَّهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ وَإِنْ حَاصَرْتَ حِصْنًا فَأَرَادُوكَ أَنْ يَنْزِلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ اللَّهِ فَلاَ تُنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلْهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ فَإِنَّكَ لاَ تَدْرِي أَتُصِيبُ فِيهِمْ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ أَمْ لاَ ‏\"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ عَلْقَمَةُ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهِ، مُقَاتِلَ بْنَ حَيَّانَ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُسْلِمُ بْنُ هَيْصَمٍ، عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ‏.‏","It was narrated from Ibn Buraidah that his father said:“Whenever he appointed a man to lead a military detachment, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) would advise him especially to fear Allah and treat the Muslims with him well. He (ﷺ) said: ‘Fight in the Name of Allah and in the cause of Allah. Fight those how disbelieve in Allah. Fight but do not be treacherous, do not steal from the spoils of war, do not mutilate and do not kill children. When you meet your enemy from among the polytheists, call them to one of three things. Whichever of them they respond to, accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. Invite them to accept Islam, and if they respond then accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. Then invite them to leave their land and move to the land of the polytheists. Tell them that if they do that, then they will have the same rights and duties as the polytheists. If they refuse, then tell them that they will be like the Muslim Bedouins (who live in the desert), subject to the same rulings of Allah as the believers. But they will have no share of Fay’* or war spoils, unless they fight alongside the Muslims. If they refuse to enter Islam, then ask them to pay the Poll-tax. If they do that, then accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. But if they refuse, then seek the help of Allah against them and fight them. If you lay siege to them and they want you to give them the protection of Allah and your Prophet, do not give them the protection of Allah and your Prophet, rather give them your protection and the protection of your father and your Companions, for if you violate your protection and the protection of your fathers, that is easier than violating the protection of Allah and the protection of His Messenger. If you lay siege to them and they want you to let them come out with a promise of the judgement of Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ), do not offer them a promise of the judgement of Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ), rather offer them your judgement, because you do not know if you will actually pass (the same as) Allah’s judgement regarding them or not.’” Another chain reports a similar hadith",223,"ibnmajah","Sunan Ibn Majah","سنن ابن ماجه",[610,611,613],{"grader":535,"grade":533},{"grader":537,"grade":612},"Sahih Muslim",{"grader":614,"grade":533},"Muhammad Fouad Abd al-Baqi"]